Practice Area
Human Rights Law
Knowing and enforcing your fundamental rights
Overview
Human rights law protects the basic freedoms every person is entitled to. In Nigeria, fundamental rights are set out in Chapter IV of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 1999, and the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights is part of Nigerian law. These rights can be enforced in court under the Fundamental Rights (Enforcement Procedure) Rules, and complaints can also be made to bodies such as the National Human Rights Commission. We help people understand which rights may be involved and pursue the right remedy.
Learn about Human Rights Law
Human rights are basic freedoms and protections that the law guarantees to people, mainly against the state and those acting for it.
- In Nigeria they are set out mainly in Chapter IV of the Constitution.
- The African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights is also part of Nigerian law.
- Rights can be protected through the courts, human rights institutions, complaints bodies and other lawful means.
- Some rights can be limited by law in defined situations, so each case depends on its facts.
This information is provided for general educational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Laws and legal requirements may vary depending on the circumstances and jurisdiction. Please consult a qualified lawyer for advice about your specific situation.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Which rights does the Nigerian Constitution protect?
Chapter IV protects rights including life, dignity, personal liberty, fair hearing, private and family life, thought, conscience and religion, expression, peaceful assembly and association, movement, freedom from discrimination, and rights relating to property. Some of these rights can be lawfully limited in defined situations, such as public safety.
How is a human rights case started?
Someone whose right has been, is being or is likely to be breached can apply to a High Court for enforcement under special rules designed to be quicker than ordinary cases. Other options include complaints to the National Human Rights Commission. A lawyer can advise which route fits.
Can I get free legal help?
Depending on your circumstances, help may be available from the Legal Aid Council of Nigeria, the National Human Rights Commission, or pro bono and non-governmental organisations. You can also book a consultation with us.
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Disclaimer: The information on this page is general in nature and does not constitute legal advice. No lawyer-client relationship is created by reading this page. Please book a consultation for advice specific to your situation.